Osteochondrosis is a disease caused by degenerative-dystrophic changes in vertebrates, intervertebral discs and ligaments. After 30 years, people are most susceptible to the disease, but the initial manifestations of the disease may appear in adolescence.
80-90% of the population suffers from this disease.
Symptoms of the disease
Depending on the location of the abnormal focus, 3 forms of the disease are distinguished:
- Osteochondrosis of the cervical region
- Osteochondrosis of the chest region
- Osteochondrosis of the lumbar region
With cervical spine injury, the patient's claims are associated with inadequate nutrition of the brain due to blood vessels. The most common complaint is a strong headache and dizziness. In addition, patients are concerned:
- Blood pressure plaque
- Disorders of coordination of movements and gait shaken
- Decreased visual gravity;
- Hearing deterioration, ears in the ears
- Lightness or roughness
- In a dream, the dragon is a sign of constant tension of the neck muscles.
When the nerves are compressed, bumps and fingers are cooled, weakness in the limbs.
If the nerves are broken, severe pain in the neck, scalp pain, sore throat, teeth. Pain extends to the shoulders and limbs.
A symptom of osteochondrosis in the chest is also a pain - intercastal neuralgia. The pain is caused by the compression of the nerve roots. Chest pain is severe, intense cough, inspiration, laughter, during movement.
Pain for osteochondrosis in the chest can simulate other diseases, such as heart pain, abdominal pain.
Lumbar osteochondrosis most often affects people who have a tempting job. It is characterized by pain in the lower back, with a buttock and leg. With nerve disorders, feet and cooling, sensitivity, feces and urinary incontinence are possible.
Causes of the disease
The disease is considered polyetologically, that is, many factors contribute to the disease. The most common:
- A strong daily load on the spine
- Spinal injuries
- Metabolic disorders
- Overweight
- Spinal column curve
- Hereditary factor
- The process of natural aging of the body.
Diagnostics
The diagnosis of osteochondrosis consists of several stages.
Collecting anamnesis of the disease and life
The doctor asks the patient's questions to find out:
- Complaints
- Localization of pain and discomfort
- When the first symptoms appeared
- Which causes appearance and increased pain.
- Which helps to alleviate the condition.
It is important to find out the patient's working conditions, bad habits than he was sick throughout his life, whether the spine bruises and injuries were one of the closest relatives of osteochondrosis.
Check and palpation
In examination, the doctor focuses on the position of the body and the position, the symmetry of the back and the neck, determines the volume of movements on the back, painful areas, evaluates muscle tone, determines the presence of pain irradiation, checks sensitivity.
X -ray test
Spine radiographs are performed by two mandatory predictions, direct and lateral, for more information. Occasionally X -ray research is required with functional patterns, flexibility, expansion position.
Computed tomography
CT is a study that allows you to more clearly consider the bodies of the spine, ligament, blood vessels and soft tissue. Picture of one or more spine segments is performed. CT allows you to determine the compression of nerves, tears and hernia, their height, changes in the solid membrane of the brain, the volatility of the spine.
Magnetic -resonance therapy
MRI is used to diagnose osteochondrosis by clear visualization of blood vessels, neural processes, intervertebral discs.
Complications
Osteochondrosis is not just a spinal disease, as is usually believed. It affects blood vessels, nerves, muscles. Osteochondrosis provokes the development of many related diseases, including:
- Migraine
- Vision and hearing deterioration
- Intervertebral hernia
- The nodes of Schmorille
- Sciatica
- Lumbago
- Saline
- Spondilasis, spondylarthross and others.
Treatment of the disease
Treatment of osteochondrosis conservatively, in severe cases - immediately.
Conservative treatments include a whole complex of therapeutic procedures: massage, physiotherapy exercises, physiotherapy, manual therapy, reflexology, spinal cord and drug treatment.
Drug drugs are prescribed during exacerbations, promote pain relief, inflammation and normalization of metabolic processes.
Risk group
Osteochondrosis risk group includes:
- People who engage in a seductive lifestyle, tempting work or spending a lot of time or on a computer
- People whose work or hobby is associated with weight gain
- People with excess mass of body
- Pregnant
- Women who wear high heels.
Prevention
For the prevention of osteochondrosis, it is important to follow the rules:
- Do not overload the spine, limit the vertical loads
- Make charging, strengthen the spinal muscles, knock them
- Not
- Avoid spine injuries and bruises
- Do not wear weight
- Change the position of the body with the load and management of the long session.
Diet and lifestyle
For osteochondrosis, diet has no strict restrictions, it can be attributed to proper nutrition. It is necessary to limit salt and sugar. The main thing is that the food corresponds to energy costs. If there is overweight, it is necessary to reduce the consumption of sweets and easily absorb carbohydrates. Replace coffee with tea, sweets - dried fruits.
Every day you have to do exercises that include: skating, squats, tilting on the pages, body alternation, running, walking, legs forward, side and back.
With osteochondrosis, sleep is preferable to a solid surface.
During long seated work, you have to stretch and turn the body every 20-30 minutes. With a prolonged position, it is important to change the auxiliary point from one leg to another.
If you need to wear gravity, you can use a weight of each hand, you can use wide stripes of backpacks.
Symptoms
- Headache
- Rough voice
- Urine incontinence
- Fuzzy vision
- Wearing weakly
- Walk
- Snore